Rails ガイド

local:
  service: Disk
  root: <%= Rails.root.join("storage") %>

test:
  service: Disk
  root: <%= Rails.root.join("tmp/storage") %>

amazon:
  service: S3
  access_key_id: ""
  secret_access_key: ""

# ファイルをローカルに保存する
config.active_storage.service = :local

# ファイルをAmazon S3に保存する
config.active_storage.service = :amazon

local:
  service: Disk
  root: <%= Rails.root.join("storage") %>

amazon:
  service: S3
  access_key_id: ""
  secret_access_key: ""
  region: ""
  bucket: ""

gem "aws-sdk-s3", require: false

azure:
  service: AzureStorage
  storage_account_name: ""
  storage_access_key: ""
  container: ""

gem "azure-storage", require: false

google:
  service: GCS
  credentials: <%= Rails.root.join("path/to/keyfile.json") %>
  project: ""
  bucket: ""

google:
  service: GCS
  credentials:
    type: "service_account"
    project_id: ""
    private_key_id: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:gcs, :private_key_id) %>
    private_key:```` <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:gcs, :private_key) %>
    client_email: ""
    client_id: ""
    auth_uri: "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth"
    token_uri: "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/token"
    auth_provider_x509_cert_url: "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs"
    client_x509_cert_url: ""
  project: ""
  bucket: ""

gem "google-cloud-storage", "~> 1.8", require: false

s3_west_coast:
  service: S3
  access_key_id: ""
  secret_access_key: ""
  region: ""
  bucket: ""

s3_east_coast:
  service: S3
  access_key_id: ""
  secret_access_key: ""
  region: ""
  bucket: ""

production:
  service: Mirror
  primary: s3_east_coast
  mirrors:
    - s3_west_coast

class User < ApplicationRecord
  has_one_attached :avatar
end

<%= form.file_field :avatar %>

class SignupController < ApplicationController
  def create
    user = User.create!(user_params)
    session[:user_id] = user.id
    redirect_to root_path
  end

  private
    def user_params
      params.require(:user).permit(:email_address, :password, :avatar)
    end
end

user.avatar.attach(params[:avatar])

user.avatar.attached?

class Message < ApplicationRecord
  has_many_attached :images
end

class MessagesController < ApplicationController
  def create
    message = Message.create!(message_params)
    redirect_to message
  end

  private
    def message_params
      params.require(:message).permit(:title, :content, images: [])
    end
end

@message.images.attach(params[:images])

@message.images.attached?

@message.image.attach(io: File.open('/path/to/file'), filename: 'file.pdf')

@message.image.attach(io: File.open('/path/to/file'), filename: 'file.pdf', content_type: 'application/pdf')

# avatarと実際のリソースファイルを同期的に破棄します。
user.avatar.purge

# Active Jobを介して、関連付けられているモデルと実際のリソースファイルを非同期で破棄します。
user.avatar.purge_later

url_for(user.avatar)

rails_blob_path(user.avatar, disposition: "attachment")

Rails.application.routes.url_helpers.rails_blob_path(user.avatar, only_path: true)

binary = user.avatar.download

message.video.open do |file|
  system '/path/to/virus/scanner', file.path
  # ...
end

gem 'image_processing', '~> 1.2'

<%= image_tag user.avatar.variant(resize: "100x100") %>

# 別の画像プロセッサとしてVipsを使う
config.active_storage.variant_processor = :vips

<ul>
  <% @message.files.each do |file| %>
    <li>
      <%= image_tag file.preview(resize: "100x100>") %>
    </li>
  <% end %>
</ul>

// direct_uploads.js

addEventListener("direct-upload:initialize", event => {
  const { target, detail } = event
  const { id, file } = detail
  target.insertAdjacentHTML("beforebegin", `
    <div id="direct-upload-${id}" class="direct-upload direct-upload--pending">
      <div id="direct-upload-progress-${id}" class="direct-upload__progress" style="width: 0%"></div>
      <span class="direct-upload__filename">${file.name}</span>
    </div>
  `)
})

addEventListener("direct-upload:start", event => {
  const { id } = event.detail
  const element = document.getElementById(`direct-upload-${id}`)
  element.classList.remove("direct-upload--pending")
})

addEventListener("direct-upload:progress", event => {
  const { id, progress } = event.detail
  const progressElement = document.getElementById(`direct-upload-progress-${id}`)
  progressElement.style.width = `${progress}%`
})

addEventListener("direct-upload:error", event => {
  event.preventDefault()
  const { id, error } = event.detail
  const element = document.getElementById(`direct-upload-${id}`)
  element.classList.add("direct-upload--error")
  element.setAttribute("title", error)
})

addEventListener("direct-upload:end", event => {
  const { id } = event.detail
  const element = document.getElementById(`direct-upload-${id}`)
  element.classList.add("direct-upload--complete")
})

/* direct_uploads.css */

.direct-upload {
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  padding: 2px 4px;
  margin: 0 3px 3px 0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-size: 11px;
  line-height: 13px;
}

.direct-upload--pending {
  opacity: 0.6;
}

.direct-upload__progress {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  opacity: 0.2;
  background: #0076ff;
  transition: width 120ms ease-out, opacity 60ms 60ms ease-in;
  transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
}

.direct-upload--complete .direct-upload__progress {
  opacity: 0.4;
}

.direct-upload--error {
  border-color: red;
}

input[type=file][data-direct-upload-url][disabled] {
  display: none;
}

import { DirectUpload } from "@rails/activestorage"

const input = document.querySelector('input[type=file]')

// ファイルドロップへのバインド: 親要素のondropか、
// Dropzoneなどのライブラリを使う
const onDrop = (event) => {
  event.preventDefault()
  const files = event.dataTransfer.files;
  Array.from(files).forEach(file => uploadFile(file))
}

// 通常のファイル選択へのバインド
input.addEventListener('change', (event) => {
  Array.from(input.files).forEach(file => uploadFile(file))
  // 選択されたファイルを入力からクリアしておく
  input.value = null
})

const uploadFile = (file) => {
  // フォームではfile_field direct_upload: trueが必要
  // （これでdata-direct-upload-urlを提供する）
  const url = input.dataset.directUploadUrl
  const upload = new DirectUpload(file, url)

  upload.create((error, blob) => {
    if (error) {
      // エラーハンドリングをここに書く
    } else {
      // 名前が似ているhidden inputをblob.signed_idの値とともにフォームに追加する
      // これによりblob idが通常のアップロードフローで転送される
      const hiddenField = document.createElement('input')
      hiddenField.setAttribute("type", "hidden");
      hiddenField.setAttribute("value", blob.signed_id);
      hiddenField.name = input.name
      document.querySelector('form').appendChild(hiddenField)
    }
  })
}

import { DirectUpload } from "@rails/activestorage"

class Uploader {
  constructor(file, url) {
    this.upload = new DirectUpload(this.file, this.url, this)
  }

  upload(file) {
    this.upload.create((error, blob) => {
      if (error) {
        // エラーハンドリングをここに書く
      } else {
        // 名前が似ているhidden inputをblob.signed_idの値とともにフォームに追加する
      }
    })
  }

  directUploadWillStoreFileWithXHR(request) {
    request.upload.addEventListener("progress",
      event => this.directUploadDidProgress(event))
  }

  directUploadDidProgress(event) {
    // Use event.loaded and event.total to update the progress bar
  }
}

class ApplicationSystemTestCase < ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase
  driven_by :selenium, using: :chrome, screen_size: [1400, 1400]

  def remove_uploaded_files
    FileUtils.rm_rf("#{Rails.root}/storage_test")
  end

  def after_teardown
    super
    remove_uploaded_files
  end
end

# インラインジョブ処理でただちにジョブを実行する
config.active_job.queue_adapter = :inline

# test環境では別のファイルストレージを使う
config.active_storage.service = :local_test

module RemoveUploadedFiles
  def after_teardown
    super
    remove_uploaded_files
  end

  private

  def remove_uploaded_files
    FileUtils.rm_rf(Rails.root.join('tmp', 'storage'))
  end
end

module ActionDispatch
  class IntegrationTest
    prepend RemoveUploadedFiles
  end
end